What conditions can cause a person who is under the water to be hidden from view?

Ripples on the surface of the water can obscure a person's visibility when they are underwater, making it difficult to see them from above. When waves or ripples are present, they create a constantly shifting pattern that distorts the view of what lies beneath the surface. This effect can prevent lifeguards or onlookers from spotting an individual who may be in distress or submerged, increasing the risk of drowning incidents.

In contrast, clear water allows for better visibility, making it easier to see individuals below the surface. Bright lighting enhances visibility as well, as it illuminates the water and reduces shadows that can hide submerged persons. Still water typically provides a clearer view as well since it lacks the movement of ripples that can obstruct the line of sight. Thus, while other conditions may promote visibility, ripples specifically hinder the ability to see submerged individuals, justifying why this response is appropriate.